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Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. An atom of carbon-14 has 6 in its nucleus. Carbon-14 decays by emitting a beta particle. State what happens to a nucleas of carbon-14 when it emits a beta particle.

Question

Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. An atom of carbon-14 has 6 in its nucleus. Carbon-14 decays by emitting a beta particle. State what happens to a nucleas of carbon-14 when it emits a beta particle.

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Solution

When a nucleus of Carbon-14 emits a beta particle, it undergoes a transformation. A beta particle is essentially a high energy electron. During beta decay, one of the neutrons in the Carbon-14 nucleus is transformed into a proton. This increases the atomic number of the nucleus by one, changing it from Carbon (atomic number 6) to Nitrogen (atomic number 7). However, the mass number (the total number of protons and neutrons) remains the same because a neutron has simply been converted into a proton. So, after the decay, the Carbon-14 atom becomes a Nitrogen-14 atom.

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