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Which enzyme is primarily responsible for initiating glycogenolysis?Question 13Answera.Glycogen synthaseb.Glycogen phosphorylasec.Hexokinased.Glucokinase

Question

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for initiating glycogenolysis?Question 13Answera.Glycogen synthaseb.Glycogen phosphorylasec.Hexokinased.Glucokinase

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Solution

The enzyme primarily responsible for initiating glycogenolysis is b. Glycogen phosphorylase.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

  1. Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down glycogen, a multi-branched polysaccharide of glucose, into glucose-1-phosphate and glucose.

  2. This process is regulated by two enzymes: glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase.

  3. Glycogen phosphorylase is the enzyme that initiates glycogenolysis. It breaks the alpha-1,4 glycosidic linkages between the glucose molecules in the glycogen chain, releasing glucose-1-phosphate.

  4. On the other hand, glycogen synthase is the enzyme that is responsible for the synthesis of glycogen. It is not involved in glycogenolysis, but rather in the opposite process, glycogenesis.

  5. Hexokinase and glucokinase are enzymes involved in the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, a step in both glycogen synthesis and glycolysis, but they do not initiate glycogenolysis.

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Which of the following enzymes are most likely to be regulated in glycolysis?Group of answer choicesA) all enzymes in glycolysis are potential regulation pointsB) enzymes that catalyze reversible steps are most likely to be regulatedC) hexokinase and pyruvate kinaseD) the first three enzymes of the pathway, since regulation is most efficient if it occurs at the beginning of a pathwayE) enzymes like aldolase, which catalyze big chemical changes like cleavage of C—C bonds

The phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-P in the glycolysis pathway is catalyzed by glucokinase. Which enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway catalyzes the reverse reaction (G6P > Glucose)? A. Glukose-6-fosfatase / Glucose-6-phosphatase B. Piruvaatkinase / Pyruvate kinase C. Heksokinase / Hexokinase D. Fosfofruktokinase / Phosphofructokinase E. Fruktose-1,6-bifosfatase / Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Concernant la régulation de la glycogénolyse, retenir la bonne réponse :ALe glucagon active la glycogène phosphorylase kinase.BLa glycogène phosphorylase ne peut être phosphorylée que dans l'état R relâché.CLa forme déphosphorylée de la glycogène phosphorylase est très active.DL'ATP est un activateur allostérique de la glycogène phosphorylase.ELa protéine phosphatase active la glycogène phosphorylase.

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