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Which ordered pairs need to be added to the relationp = {(a,a),(a,b),(b,a),(c,c),(c,d),(d,c),(d,d)}on the set X = {a,b,c,d} to create the symmetric closure p^s of p? A (a,a) B (a,b) C (a,c) D (a,d) E (b,a) F (b,b) G (b,c) H (b,d) I (c,a) J (c,b) K (c,c) L (c,d) M (d,a) N (d,b) O (d,c) P (d,d) Q None of them

Question

Which ordered pairs need to be added to the relationp = {(a,a),(a,b),(b,a),(c,c),(c,d),(d,c),(d,d)}on the set X = {a,b,c,d} to create the symmetric closure p^s of p? A (a,a) B (a,b) C (a,c) D (a,d) E (b,a) F (b,b) G (b,c) H (b,d) I (c,a) J (c,b) K (c,c) L (c,d) M (d,a) N (d,b) O (d,c) P (d,d) Q None of them

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Solution

Para crear el cierre simétrico ps p^s de la relación p p , necesitamos asegurarnos de que para cada par (x,y)(x, y) en p p , el par (y,x)(y, x) también esté en ps p^s .

La relación p p dada es: p={(a,a),(a,b),(b,a),(c,c),(c,d),(d,c),(d,d)} p = \{(a,a), (a,b), (b,a), (c,c), (c,d), (d,c), (d,d)\}

Ahora, revisemos cada par y su simétrico:

  1. (a,a)(a,a) ya está en p p , y su simétrico (a,a)(a,a) también está en p p .
  2. (a,b)(a,b) está en p p , y su simétrico (b,a)(b,a) también está en p p .
  3. (b,a)(b,a) está en p p , y su simétrico (a,b)(a,b) también está en p p .
  4. (c,c)(c,c) ya está en p p , y su simétrico (c,c)(c,c) también está en p p .
  5. (c,d)(c,d) está en p p , pero su simétrico (d,c)(d,c) también está en p p .
  6. (d,c)(d,c) está en p p , y su simétrico (c,d)(c,d) también está en p p .
  7. (d,d)(d,d) ya está en p p , y su simétrico (d,d)(d,d) también está en p p .

Dado que todos los pares en p p ya tienen sus correspondientes pares simétricos en p p , no es necesario agregar ningún par adicional.

Por lo tanto, la respuesta correcta es:

Q None of them

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