The nurse is teaching a client with Parkinson's disease about dietary considerations. The nurse understands that this client is at highest risk forA. constipation and drooling.B. drooling and a loss of appetite.C. loose stools and choking.D. dysphagia and aspiration.
Question
The nurse is teaching a client with Parkinson's disease about dietary considerations. The nurse understands that this client is at highest risk forA. constipation and drooling.B. drooling and a loss of appetite.C. loose stools and choking.D. dysphagia and aspiration.
Solution
The client with Parkinson's disease is at highest risk for D. dysphagia and aspiration.
Here's why:
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects predominately dopamine-producing neurons in a specific area of the brain. Symptoms generally develop slowly over years, and among them are difficulties with swallowing (dysphagia) and aspiration.
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Dysphagia: Parkinson's disease can cause muscles in the mouth and throat to be less effective in controlling swallowing, which can lead to dysphagia.
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Aspiration: Aspiration occurs when something is inhaled into the airways or lungs. In Parkinson's, due to the dysphagia, there's a risk that food, liquid, or saliva will be inhaled, which can lead to aspiration pneumonia.
While constipation and drooling can also be symptoms of Parkinson's, the question asks for the highest risk, which is dysphagia and aspiration due to the potential severe complications like aspiration pneumonia.
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