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To prevent the concentration of glucose in the blood rising above the normal range the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin travels in the bloodstream and triggers specific responses after attaching to specific receptors on cells throughout the body.What are the target cells for insulin?

Question

To prevent the concentration of glucose in the blood rising above the normal range the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin travels in the bloodstream and triggers specific responses after attaching to specific receptors on cells throughout the body.What are the target cells for insulin?

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Solution

The target cells for insulin include:

  1. Muscle Cells: Insulin stimulates muscle cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream for energy. This is especially important after physical activity, when the muscles have used up their stored glucose.

  2. Fat Cells: Insulin helps fat cells to take in glucose, which is then converted into fat. This is part of the body's storage of energy for later use.

  3. Liver Cells: Insulin signals the liver to take in glucose and store it as glycogen. When the body needs more glucose, such as between meals or during physical activity, the liver converts the glycogen back into glucose and releases it into the bloodstream.

These are the primary target cells for insulin, but insulin receptors are found on nearly all cells in the body, and insulin has effects on many different types of cells.

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