A student uses the reaction between zinc and dilute sulfuric acid to prepare some zinc sulfate crystals.(a) (i) Complete the equation for this reaction by giving the correct state symbols. (1) Zn (....................) + H2 SO4 (....................) → ZnSO4 (....................) + H2 (....................)(ii) State what would be observed during this reaction. (1) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(b) The student adds excess zinc to a beaker of dilute sulfuric acid.(i) Explain why it is necessary to add excess zinc. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(ii) Draw a diagram of the apparatus the student should use to remove the unreacted zinc and collect the zinc sulfate solution.
Question
A student uses the reaction between zinc and dilute sulfuric acid to prepare some zinc sulfate crystals.(a) (i) Complete the equation for this reaction by giving the correct state symbols. (1) Zn (....................) + H2 SO4 (....................) → ZnSO4 (....................) + H2 (....................)(ii) State what would be observed during this reaction. (1) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(b) The student adds excess zinc to a beaker of dilute sulfuric acid.(i) Explain why it is necessary to add excess zinc. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(ii) Draw a diagram of the apparatus the student should use to remove the unreacted zinc and collect the zinc sulfate solution.
Solution
(a) (i) The correct state symbols for the reaction are:
Zn (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)
The state symbols represent solid (s), aqueous (aq), and gas (g).
(ii) During this reaction, you would observe bubbles being produced. This is due to the hydrogen gas being released.
(b) (i) It is necessary to add excess zinc to ensure that all the sulfuric acid reacts. This is because if there is not enough zinc, some of the sulfuric acid may be left unreacted. By adding excess zinc, we can ensure that all the sulfuric acid reacts to form zinc sulfate.
(ii) To remove the unreacted zinc and collect the zinc sulfate solution, the student should use a setup with a beaker, a filter funnel, and filter paper. The mixture should be poured into the filter funnel, which is placed on top of another beaker. The unreacted zinc will remain on the filter paper, while the zinc sulfate solution will pass through and be collected in the beaker below.
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