Identify the effect of the different biopharmaceutic factors below to the DISSOLUTION of drugs.Choices: INCREASE, DECREASE or NO EFFECT (use uppercase letters)Large particle size of the drug Crystalline polymorphs Excessive use of suspending agents For drugs that have very poor aqueous solubility Extended- or controlled-release formulations

InstructionDistinguish how the physicochemical properties of the drug molecule, finished dosage form, excipients, method of manufacturing, and route of drug administration affect the bioavailability of drugsBy utilizing the table below, fill in the effect of dissolution and bioavailability of the different biopharmaceutic considerations: Biopharmaceutic Factors Effect in Dissolution Effect in BioavailabilityLarge particle size of the drug Crystalline polymorphs Excessive use of suspending agents Excessive use of tablet lubricants Incorporation of absorption enhancers Intravenously administered drugs Perorally administered drugs For drugs that have very poor aqueous solubility For a drug that has a high aqueous solubility Extended- or controlled-release formulations

The dissolution of the drug from the dosage unit during the elapsed time is the USP test requirement for which of the following? A. Product uniformity and weight variation B. Drug release for extended release or delayed release dosage forms C. Microencapsulation and fluid bed processing D. Teeth, hair and eyeballs

Characteristics of drug substance best suited for incorporation into an extended release product include; (1 Point)I. Uniformity absorbed form the GITII. Possess a good margin of safetyIII. Used in the treatment of acute rather than chronic conditionsWhich type of drug is used to dilate the pupil to allow examination of the fundus?(1 Point)MydriaticMioticVasoconstrictorAstringentBeta-adrenergic blocking agentThis component makes collodion flexible(1 Point)A and BPyroxylinCamphorCastor oilB and CThese are alcoholic or hydro-alcoholic solutions prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances(1 Point)TincturesFluid extractsExtractsPercolateLotionsFeatures of ophthalmic ointments and gels include:(1 Point)I. Must be packaged in collapsible ointment tubes having elongated narrow tipII. Non- sterile preparationIII. Ointment bases should have a softening point close to body temperature both for comfort and for drug release.

List the following solid forms of a particular drug in terms of their increasing aqueoussolubility: solvated crystals, amorphous form, desolvated crystals. In terms of their structures,explain how the difference in solubility arises between these three different forms

The most important parameter for extended release or delayed release products for which the USP (United States Pharmacopeia) standard requires testing is the dissolution profile. Here are the steps to understand why: Extended release or delayed release products are designed to release the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) over a prolonged period of time. This is to maintain a constant drug concentration in the body, thereby improving the efficacy of the drug and reducing side effects. To ensure that these products are releasing the API as intended, it is crucial to test their dissolution profile. The dissolution profile refers to the rate and extent to which the API is dissolved from the dosage form and becomes available for absorption in the body. The USP has set standards for dissolution testing to ensure that the products are safe and effective. These standards specify the conditions under which the test should be conducted, including the type of dissolution apparatus to be used, the rotation speed, the dissolution medium, and the duration of the test. If a product does not meet the USP standards for dissolution, it may not release the API at the correct rate or to the correct extent, which could affect its therapeutic effect. Therefore, the dissolution profile is the most important parameter for extended release or delayed release products for which the USP standard requires testing. give a two sentence answer.