B3. a) A solid steel cylinder (Y = 2.0 × 1011 Pa) is standing (on one of its ends) vertically on the floor. The length of the cylinder is 3.6 m and its radius is 65 cm. When an object is placed on top of the cylinder, the cylinder compresses by an amount of 5.7 × 10-7 m. Find is the weight of the object? (3 marks)
Question
B3. a) A solid steel cylinder (Y = 2.0 × 1011 Pa) is standing (on one of its ends) vertically on the floor. The length of the cylinder is 3.6 m and its radius is 65 cm. When an object is placed on top of the cylinder, the cylinder compresses by an amount of 5.7 × 10-7 m. Find is the weight of the object? (3 marks)
Solution
To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for stress and strain in a solid object.
Stress (σ) is defined as the force (F) applied per unit area (A), and strain (ε) is defined as the change in length (ΔL) divided by the original length (L).
So, we have:
σ = F/A and ε = ΔL/L
We also know that the Young's modulus (Y) of a material is the ratio of stress to strain, so:
Y = σ/ε
We can substitute the expressions for stress and strain into this equation to get an equation for the force:
Y = F/A / ΔL/L
Rearranging this equation gives us:
F = Y * A * ΔL / L
We know that the area of the top of the cylinder (A) is given by the formula for the area of a circle, πr², where r is the radius of the cylinder.
So, substituting the given values into the equation gives us:
F = (2.0 × 10¹¹ Pa) * π * (0.65 m)² * (5.7 × 10⁻⁷ m) / 3.6 m
Solving this equation gives us the force in Newtons.
Finally, we know that the weight of an object is equal to the force of gravity acting on it, which is given by the equation W = mg, where m is the mass of the object and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Since we're looking for the weight of the object, we can say that the weight is equal to the force we just calculated.
So, the weight of the object is the force calculated above.
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