Passage 3 (Questions 10 - 13)Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental condition in which a person's ways of thinking, perceiving situations, and relating to their peers are dysfunctional and destructive. People with antisocial personality disorder have no regard for right and wrong and often disregard the rights, wishes, and feelings of others. Several traits necessary to be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder have been identified. A sample list of these traits is shown below.* Superficial charm (smooth-talking, engaging, and slick)* Greatly inflated idea of one's abilities and self-esteem and a sense of superiority* Pathological lying* Manipulative (uses deceit to cheat others for personal gain)* Lack of remorse or guilt* Limited range or depth of feelings* Callous/lack of empathy* Failure to accept responsibility for own actionsDespite their antisocial behavior, many criminals do not fit the description of antisocial personality disorder. The disorder has both biological and psychological roots. No single gene codes for such complex behavior, but some studies have detected early signs of antisocial behavior. Figure 1 shows the results of an experiment performed to measure levels of the hormone adrenaline in two groups of boys at age 15. Figure 1 Levels of adrenaline measured in two groups of boysIn both stressful and non-stressful situations, those who had acquired a juvenile criminal record as 12-15 year olds showed comparatively low arousal. Genetics alone cannot tell the whole story. Relative to 1955, the average American in 2005 was twice as likely to be murdered, four times as likely to be robbed, and five times more likely to be assaulted. Yet, the human gene pool had hardly changed. Question 11It is found that some people who suffer from antisocial personality disorder had trouble with speech comprehension as children. What brain area is most closely associated with this difficulty? A.Somatosensory cortexB.Wernicke’s areaC.Occipital lobeD.Basal ganglia

Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?Group of answer choicesinstability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and moodlack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeedsoverinflated and unjustified sense of self-importancepervasive need for perfectionism that interferes with the ability to complete tasks

6.Question 6Which of the following is NOT a common trait of somebody with Antisocial Personality Disorder?1 pointHeightened self-esteemLack of empathyManipulativeLack of desire to interact with others

A person with this personality disorder typically feels little or no guilt, has no concern for the rights of another person, and may be manipulative, or even violent.Group of answer choicesA. Schizoid Personality DisorderB. Antisocial Personality DisorderC. Histrionic Personality DisorderD. Avoidant Personality Disorder

Psychopath. It is a term that tends to conjure images of violent criminals or public figures capable of heinous or egregiously selfish acts on a broader scale. Yet the reality of this condition is far more nuanced than these stereotypes hold. While it is true that people with the condition display a range of disconcerting tendencies—including low empathy and remorse, grandiosity, impulsivity, and sometimes aggressive or violent behavior—new findings show not only that people with psychopathy have varying degrees and types of this condition but that the condition and its precursors can be treated. “Psychopathy is a condition that causes people to do things that reduce our compassion for them, and so there’s a resistance to funding and treating it,” said Georgetown University psychologist and neuroscientist Abigail Marsh, PhD, who studies psychopathy and is cofounder of PsychopathyIs, an organization that promotes awareness of the condition and provides support and resources for affected families. “But as a scientific community, we have to recognize that psychopathy has all the hallmarks of a true disorder and that all of us will be better—the people who are affected, their families, and the broader community—if we take it seriously.” In fact, it is common to have some degree of psychopathic tendencies, if not the condition itself: According to PsychopathyIs, as much as 30% of the population displays some degree of reduced empathy, risk-taking, and overly high self-regard, though the percentage of people with high degrees of these traits is much smaller. In this sense, Marsh believes that autism holds a useful parallel, because there are greater and lesser degrees of autistic traits and because early intervention can make a big difference in later outcomes. (Not everyone in the mental health community agrees that psychopathy is a spectrum-based disorder.) “My hope,” said Marsh, “is that the development of interventions and therapy for people with psychopathy will follow the same ultimate trajectory that is taking place for people with other spectrum-based disorders like autism.” ADVERTISEMENT What is psychopathy? About 1.2% of U.S. adult men and 0.3% to 0.7% of U.S. adult women are considered to have clinically significant levels of psychopathic traits. Those numbers rise exponentially in prison, where 15% to 25% of inmates show these characteristics (Burton, B., & Saleh, F. M., Psychiatric Times, Vol. 37, No. 10, 2020). That said, psychopathy spans socioeconomic status, race, gender, and culture, and those who score high on psychopathy scales range from high-functioning executives to prison inmates to people whose psychopathic symptoms may reflect difficult life circumstances more than anything else. “In any culture you visit, you can describe the key personality features of someone with psychopathy and ask, ‘Are there people like this in your society?’” Marsh said. “And they will say, ‘Oh, yeah.’ But the way that these traits are interpret

A manipulative, callous individual with no apparent conscience might be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.Group of answer choicesSchizotypalNarcissisticAnti-socialBipolar