A trial in people with high blood pressure compared a new intervention, drug x, to current best practice.  The primary outcome was myocardial infarction (heart attack)  After 12 months the risk ratio for myocardial infarction in the intervention group was 0.7.The results were presented as RR 0.7, 95%CI 0.65 to 0.75.Select the best interpretation of this result.Question 7Answera.Participants receiving drug x were less likely to have a heart attack than those on usual care and the result was significant.b.Participants in the usual care group were less likely to have a heart attack than those receiving drug x but the result was not significant.c.Participants receiving drug x were less likely to have a heart attack than those on usual care but the result was not significant.d.Participants in the usual care group were less likely to have a heart attack than those receiving drug x and the result was significant.

Studying the impact of a new medication on the blood pressure of patients with hypertension is an example of dependent variable.Group of answer choicesTrueFalse

A pharmaceutical company has developed a new drug that is believed to reduce blood pressure more effectively than the existing treatment. To test the effectiveness of the new drug, a random sample of 50 patients with high blood pressure was selected. After taking the new drug for a month, the mean reduction in blood pressure for these patients was found to be 8.5 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 3.2 mm Hg. The company claims that the new drug reduces blood pressure by more than 7 mm Hg. Test this claim at the 5% level of significance.

Research Question: What is the combined effect of medication and diet on blood pressure in adult males?A randomized, controlled experiment investigated this question using a random sample of 540 adult males as subjects. At the beginning of the study, researchers measured the blood pressure of all the subjects. Each subject was given a month's supply of either Drug A, Drug B, or a placebo, then was assigned to be on either a low-fat diet or a low-salt diet for that month-long period. At the end of the month, the researchers measured the blood pressure of each subject again, and compared the two blood pressure readings.How many different groups are there altogether in this study? 2 3 4 5 6Question 2Select all that apply.10 pointsResearch Question: What is the combined effect of fertilizer and watering on cherry tomato plants?Planters were built that each contained 10 cherry tomato plants. Each planter was identical except that it received a different treatment of water and fertilizer than the other planters. Treatments consisted of a combination of one of four watering schedules and one of three fertilizer concentrations. The plants were tended according to these treatments and after 65 days the average number and weight of the tomatoes per plant were measured for each treatment group.Which of the following is an explanatory variable in this study? Check all that apply. Fertilizer schedule Number of days of treatment Number of plants per planter Number of tomatoes per plant Watering scheduleQuestion 3Select one answer.10 pointsA simple random sample of 1,240 adult Americans is selected, and each person is asked the following question:In light of candidate Jones’s alleged criminal activity do you believe he should withdraw from the race?67% of those surveyed agreed that he should withdraw. Which of the following is an appropriate conclusion about the results? They are reasonably accurate because the study used a large simple random sample. They probably overstate the percentage of people who favor his withdrawal because of the question’s wording. They are inaccurate because of convenience sampling. They are inaccurate because of voluntary response. They probably understate the percentage of people who favor his withdrawal because of the question’s wording.Question 4Select one answer.10 pointsWhich of the following best describes the method of randomized response? A method in which subjects answer the questions in a survey in a random order A sampling method A technique used to minimize the bias in the responses of subjects to sensitive questions A method in which subjects answer each of the

Time left 0:07:23Question 8Not yet answeredMarked out of 1.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textA trial examining a new intervention and measuring the outcome of stroke had a final result of:RR 1.2, 95%CI 0.9 to 1.5.Select the best interpretation of this result.Question 8Answera.The intervention increased the average risk of stroke by 20% and the real result is likely to lie between a 10% decrease and a 50% increase. The result is not significant.b.The intervention increased the average risk of stroke by 20% and the real result is likely to lie between a 10% decrease and a 50% increase. The result is significant.c.The intervention decreased the average risk of stroke by 20% and the real result is likely to lie between a 10% increase and a 50% decrease. The result is not significant.d.The intervention decreased the average risk of stroke by 20% and the real result is likely to lie between a 10% increase and a 50% decrease. The result is significant.

High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a prevalent condition in the United States.  One in three adults has hypertension, and approximately 20% do not know that they have it.  If left untreated, high blood pressure can lead to major health issues, including stroke, heart attack, and kidney disease or failure.  Several drugs can help control hypertension, including those shown in Table 1.  These drugs can be classified into different groups based on their mechanism of action.Table 1  Drugs Used to Treat High Blood PressureDrug Mechanism of actionLabetalol Combined α- and β-blockerReserpine Peripheral adrenergic inhibitorValsartan Angiotensin II receptor blockerEprosartan mesylate Angiotensin II receptor blockerVerapamil hydrochloride Calcium channel blockerMinoxidil VasodilatorsCaptopril Angiontensin converting enzyme inhibitorsLabetalol (Figure 1) exists as four stereoisomers and is administered as a mixture of all four.  This drug can be classified as a pseudohybrid drug because two of the isomers, (R,R) and (S,R), exhibit biological activity; the other two isomers, (S,S) and (R,S), are not active.  The (R,R) isomer acts as a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor blocker, and the (S,R) isomer acts as a selective α-adrenergic receptor blocker.Figure 1  Structure of (±)-labetalol and l-epinephrinel-Epinephrine (Figure 1) is the agonist of the α- and β-adrenergic receptors.  The structural motifs that allow l-epinephrine to bind to the adrenergic receptors include an amine separated from an aromatic ring by two carbon units, a hydroxyl group at a chiral center beta to the amine, and two hydroxyl groups on the aromatic ring in the meta and para positions.  With a few structural modifications, the agonist l-epinephrine can be converted into the antagonist labetalol.  Substitution of a hydroxyl on the aromatic ring with an amide group and extension of the methyl group on the amine transforms l-epinephrine into labetalol.  These substitutions keep most of the structural motifs necessary for labetalol to mimic l-epinephrine and bind to the adrenergic receptors. Question 7The number of stereoisomers possible for a given molecule is 2n.  The variable n denotes the number of:A.enantiomers.B.stereocenters.C.diastereomers.D.epimers.