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Sobel Filter Mask is given by

Question

Sobel Filter Mask is given by

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Solution

The Sobel Filter, also known as the Sobel Operator, is used in image processing and computer vision for edge detection. It calculates the gradient of the image intensity at each pixel and is based on the idea that edges in an image are where the image intensity changes rapidly.

The Sobel Filter is represented by two 3x3 matrices. One for horizontal changes, and one for vertical. They are as follows:

Horizontal changes (Gx):

-1  0  1
-2  0  2
-1  0  1

Vertical changes (Gy):

-1 -2 -1
 0  0  0
 1  2  1

The filter works by moving the 3x3 kernel across the image, and at each pixel, it calculates the dot product of the intensities of the pixels and the values in the kernel. The resulting value is the gradient at that pixel. The direction of the gradient is perpendicular to the edge.

The magnitude of the gradient is given by sqrt(Gx^2 + Gy^2) and the direction of the gradient is given by atan(Gy / Gx). The magnitude tells us the intensity of the edge and the direction tells us the orientation of the edge.

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