Alkanes and alkenes are both series of hydrocarbons.(a) (i) Explain the term hydrocarbon................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... [1](ii) What is the difference between these two series of hydrocarbons?..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Question
Alkanes and alkenes are both series of hydrocarbons.(a) (i) Explain the term hydrocarbon................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 What is the difference between these two series of hydrocarbons?..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Solution
(i) A hydrocarbon is an organic compound that is made up of only hydrogen and carbon atoms. They are the simplest form of organic compounds and can be structured in various ways, but they always consist only of these two types of atoms.
(ii) The main difference between alkanes and alkenes lies in their structure and properties. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they have single bonds between the carbon atoms and have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms. They are generally less reactive.
On the other hand, alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons, meaning they have at least one double bond between two carbon atoms, reducing the number of hydrogen atoms that can be attached. This double bond makes alkenes more reactive than alkanes.
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The alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. They form a homologous series, the members ofwhich have the same chemical properties.They undergo addition reactions and are easily oxidised.(a) The following hydrocarbons are isomers.CH 3 CH CH CH 2CH 3CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 2(i) Explain why these two hydrocarbons are isomers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... [2](ii) Give the structural formula of another hydrocarbon which is isomeric with the above.[1](b) Give the structural formula and name of each of the products of the following additionreactions.(i) ethene and brominestructural formula of productname of product ................................................................................................... [2](ii) propene and hydrogenstructural formula of productname of product ................................................................................................... [2](iii) but-1-ene and waterstructural formula of productname of product ................................................................................................... [2]PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
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