Canoe walk concept | ProblemOn a calm day at the lake, you observe a person in a canoe, floating initially at rest. Then the person stands up and walks toward the front of the canoe—to the right from your perspective. Why does it behave this way?Group of answer choicesFor every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.Net momentum is a constant.Newton's 2nd law says they must have equal and opposite forces.The impulse on person is zero.The impulse on the canoe is zero.
Question
Canoe walk concept | ProblemOn a calm day at the lake, you observe a person in a canoe, floating initially at rest. Then the person stands up and walks toward the front of the canoe—to the right from your perspective. Why does it behave this way?Group of answer choicesFor every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.Net momentum is a constant.Newton's 2nd law says they must have equal and opposite forces.The impulse on person is zero.The impulse on the canoe is zero.
Solution
The behavior of the canoe and the person is explained by Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
When the person stands up and walks towards the front of the canoe, they are exerting a force on the canoe in the opposite direction. This force pushes the canoe backwards.
The net momentum of the system (the person and the canoe) remains constant because no external forces are acting on it. This is a principle known as the conservation of momentum.
The impulse on the person and the canoe is not zero. Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a period of time. In this case, the force of the person walking changes the momentum of both the person and the canoe.
So, in summary, the canoe moves backwards when the person walks forwards due to Newton's third law of motion and the principle of conservation of momentum.
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