15. How does a somatic cell which just completed the S phase of its cell cycle compare to a gamete of the same species in terms of the number of chromosomes and amount of DNA?*1 pointA. It has twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA.B. It has the same number of chromosomes but twice the amount of DNA.C. It has twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA.D. It has four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
Question
- How does a somatic cell which just completed the S phase of its cell cycle compare to a gamete of the same species in terms of the number of chromosomes and amount of DNA?*1 pointA. It has twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA.B. It has the same number of chromosomes but twice the amount of DNA.C. It has twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA.D. It has four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
Solution
The correct answer is B. It has the same number of chromosomes but twice the amount of DNA.
Here's why:
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The S phase is a part of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs. Each chromosome is replicated to produce two identical copies. Therefore, the amount of DNA in the cell doubles. However, these copies are not considered separate chromosomes. So, the number of chromosomes remains the same.
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On the other hand, gametes are sex cells (sperm and egg) produced through a process called meiosis. They have half the number of chromosomes as a somatic cell. But since we're comparing a somatic cell in the S phase (which has double the DNA) to a gamete, the somatic cell has twice the amount of DNA but the same number of chromosomes.
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