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Which of the following statements is TRUE?Only a correlation equal to 0 implies causation.A correlation of 1 or -1 implies causation. If the two variables of a scatterplot are strongly related, this condition implies causation between the two variables.A high correlation is insufficient to establish causation on its own.

Question

Which of the following statements is TRUE?Only a correlation equal to 0 implies causation.A correlation of 1 or -1 implies causation. If the two variables of a scatterplot are strongly related, this condition implies causation between the two variables.A high correlation is insufficient to establish causation on its own.

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Solution

The statement "A high correlation is insufficient to establish causation on its own" is TRUE.

Here's why:

  1. Correlation measures the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables. A correlation of 0 means there is no linear relationship, while a correlation of 1 or -1 means there is a perfect linear relationship. However, correlation does not imply causation. Just because two variables move together does not mean that one variable is causing the other to move.

  2. Even if two variables have a strong correlation, it does not necessarily mean that one variable is causing the other to change. There could be other factors at play that are causing both variables to move together.

  3. Therefore, while a high correlation can indicate a strong relationship between two variables, it is not enough to establish causation. Other evidence or research is needed to determine if one variable is truly causing the other to change.

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