A mixture of gaseous reactants is put into a cylinder, where a chemical reaction turns them into gaseous products. The cylinder has a piston that moves in or out, as necessary, to keep a constant pressure on the mixture of 1 atm. The cylinder is also submerged in a karge insulated water bath. This chemical reaction is known to absorb 109.KJof energy. The position of the piston is monitored, and it is determined from this data that the system does 137 kJ of work on the piston during the reaction. (i) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
Question
A mixture of gaseous reactants is put into a cylinder, where a chemical reaction turns them into gaseous products. The cylinder has a piston that moves in or out, as necessary, to keep a constant pressure on the mixture of 1 atm. The cylinder is also submerged in a karge insulated water bath. This chemical reaction is known to absorb 109.KJof energy. The position of the piston is monitored, and it is determined from this data that the system does 137 kJ of work on the piston during the reaction. (i) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
Solution
The reaction is endothermic. This is because it absorbs energy from its surroundings. In this case, the reaction absorbs 109 kJ of energy. An endothermic reaction is one that requires energy to proceed, which is typically in the form of heat. This is in contrast to an exothermic reaction, which releases energy. The fact that the reaction does work on the piston (137 kJ of work) does not change whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic. This is a separate consideration from the heat flow into or out of the reaction.
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