When adding or subtracting fractions, add or subtract the

numerators and keep the denominator the same. However, this only works if the fractions have the same denominator. If they don't, you'll need to find a common denominator first. Here are the steps:

1. Check if the fractions have the same denominator. If they do, skip to step 3.

2. If the denominators are different, find a common denominator. This is usually the least common multiple of the two denominators. Multiply the top and bottom of each fraction by whatever number will make the denominator equal to the least common multiple.

3. Once the fractions have the same denominator, add or subtract the numerators (the top numbers) depending on the operation in the problem.

4. Write the result of the operation as the numerator of the new fraction. The denominator remains the same.

5. Simplify the fraction if necessary, by dividing the top and bottom by their greatest common factor.