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Explain co-dominance and incomplete dominance

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Explain co-dominance and incomplete dominance

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Solution

Co-dominance and incomplete dominance are two types of genetic inheritance where one allele does not completely dominate or mask the other.

  1. Co-dominance: In co-dominance, both alleles for a trait are fully expressed in the phenotype. This means that both alleles contribute equally and separately to the physical trait. An example of co-dominance is the AB blood type in humans. In this case, both the A and B alleles are co-dominant, so they both express themselves fully in the phenotype.

  2. Incomplete dominance: In incomplete dominance, neither allele for a trait completely masks the other. Instead, the phenotype is a blend or an intermediate of the two alleles. An example of incomplete dominance is the color of snapdragon flowers. If a red-flowered snapdragon (RR) is crossed with a white-flowered snapdragon (WW), the resulting offspring will have pink flowers (RW). This is because neither the red nor the white allele is completely dominant, so the resulting phenotype is a blend of the two.

In summary, co-dominance and incomplete dominance are two types of non-Mendelian inheritance where both alleles for a trait can influence the phenotype. However, they do so in different ways: in co-dominance, both alleles are fully expressed, while in incomplete dominance, the phenotype is a blend of the two alleles.

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