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Briefly explain, in general terms, to a fellow accounting graduate, the difference in the accounting entries for a lessor if the lease is a finance lease compared to an operating lease. You may assume the lessor is a financier lessor (not a manufacturer/dealer lessor).

Question

Briefly explain, in general terms, to a fellow accounting graduate, the difference in the accounting entries for a lessor if the lease is a finance lease compared to an operating lease. You may assume the lessor is a financier lessor (not a manufacturer/dealer lessor).

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Solution

Sure, I'd be happy to explain the difference in accounting entries for a lessor in the case of a finance lease compared to an operating lease.

  1. Finance Lease: In a finance lease, the lessor is considered to have transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to the lessee. Therefore, the lessor recognizes the lease as a sale of the asset and records a receivable equal to the net investment in the lease. This net investment is typically the present value of the lease payments. The lessor then recognizes finance income over the term of the lease, based on a pattern reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on the lessor’s net investment.

  2. Operating Lease: In an operating lease, the lessor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset. The leased asset is recorded as an asset in the lessor's balance sheet, and the lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The leased asset is depreciated over its useful life, just like any other asset owned by the lessor.

In summary, the main difference lies in how and when the income is recognized by the lessor. In a finance lease, the lessor recognizes income upfront as a sale, while in an operating lease, the lessor recognizes income over the lease term.

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