Scatterplot/Scattergram: Illustrate with examples.

A scatterplot, also known as a scattergram or scatter diagram, is a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis.

Let's illustrate this with an example:

Suppose we have a dataset of students' scores in Math and English. We can plot these scores on a scatterplot where the x-axis represents Math scores and the y-axis represents English scores. Each point on the plot represents a student.

Example:

Math Scores (x-axis): 70, 85, 80, 90, 95 English Scores (y-axis): 80, 90, 75, 85, 90

In this scatterplot, a student who scored 70 in Math and 80 in English would be represented by a point at the coordinates (70, 80) on the plot.

This scatterplot allows us to visually analyze the relationship or correlation between the two subjects' scores. If the points cluster along a diagonal line from the bottom-left to the top-right of the plot, it suggests a positive correlation between Math and English scores i.e., students who score high in Math also tend to score high in English, and vice versa. If the points cluster along a diagonal line from the top-left to the bottom-right, it suggests a negative correlation i.e., students who score high in Math tend to score low in English, and vice versa. If the points are scattered with no apparent pattern, it suggests no correlation between Math and English scores.