Read the following excerpt from The Way to Rainy Mountain by N. Scott Momaday:The young Plains culture of the Kiowas withered and died like grass that is burned in the prairie wind. There came a day like destiny; in every direction, as far as the eye could see, carrion [animal carcasses] lay out in the land. The buffalo was the animal representation of the sun, the essential and sacrificial victim of the Sun Dance. When the wild herds were destroyed, so too was the will of the Kiowa people.Which phrase in the passage most strongly contributes to its overall tone?A.day like destinyB.far as the eye could seeC.lay out in the landD.withered and died like grassSUBMITarrow_backPREVIOUS

She was ten when the Kiowas came together for the last time as a living Sun Dance culture. They could find no buffalo; they had to hang an old hide from the sacred tree. Before the dance could begin, a company of soldiers rode out from Fort Sill under orders to disperse the tribe. Forbidden without cause the essential act of their faith, having seen the wild herds slaughtered and left to rot upon the ground, the Kiowas backed away forever from the medicine tree. That was July 20, 1890, at the great bend of the Washita. My grandmother was there. Without bitterness, and for as long as she lived, she bore a vision of deicide.Now that I can have her only in memory, I see my grandmother in the several postures that were peculiar to her: standing at the wood stove on a winter morning and turning meat in a great iron skillet; sitting at the south window, bent above her beadwork, and afterwards, when her vision failed, looking down for a long time into the fold of her hands; going out upon a cane, very slowly as she did when the weight of age came upon her; praying. I remember her most often at prayer. She made long, rambling prayers out of suffering and hope, having seen many things. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all mere custom and company. The last time I saw her she prayed standing by the side of her bed at night, naked to the waist, the light of a kerosene lamp moving upon her dark skin. Her long, black hair, always drawn and braided in the day, lay upon her shoulders and against her breasts like a shawl. I do not speak Kiowa, and I never understood her prayers, but there was something inherently sad in the sound, some merest hesitation upon the syllables of sorrow. She began in a high and descending pitch, exhausting her breath to silence; then again and again--and always the same intensity of effort, of something that is, and is not, like urgency in the human voice.2Select the correct answer.Which aspect of the excerpt from The Way to Rainy Mountain best exemplifies how American Indian culture and themes can be passed down and changed over time? A. the American soldiers destroying the ancient Kiowa Sun Dance site B. Momaday seeing his grandmother standing at the wood stove on a winter morning and turning meat on a skillet C. Momaday watching and evaluating his grandmother praying in the traditional Kiowa manner D. the slaughter and loss of the buffalo on the American plains E. Momaday admiring his grandmother sitting at the south window, bent above her beadwork

Not even the bison "chips," or dung, went to waste. While the men hunted the great beasts, women and children collected the droppings. Once the dung had thoroughly dried in the sun, it served as fuel for cooking fires.Which of these most closely matches the tone of the passage?A.Grandmother would tell us stories of tribal celebrations, the costumes and rituals that we would likely never experience.B.Understanding of property rights among American Indians differed greatly from that of European settlers.C.By virtue of this decree, people of the Wampanoag tribe are hereby ordered to move to a federally designated reservation.D.The great sky buffalo saw that humans were cold and living in darkness without fire.SUBMITarrow_backPREVIOUS

The article states:According to a Lakota proverb, "A people without a history is like the wind over buffalo grass."Why did the author include this proverb?A.To show how meaning or details may be lost when cultural sayings are translatedB.To emphasize that most of human history was not captured in a written recordC.To underscore that human culture depends on preserving connections to the pastD.To describe the setting of the buffalo hunt featured in the virtual reality experience

Read the excerpt from "My Heart Is Bursting." I love to roam over the prairies. There I feel free and happy, but when we settle down we grow pale and die. Which of Set'tainte (Satanta)’s central ideas do these details most contribute to? White settlers and Indigenous peoples must live in peace. United States’ soldiers threaten the Kiowa tribe’s way of life. It is vital to the Kiowa tribe that they maintain their lifestyle. The Kiowa tribe is going to stubbornly remain on their land.

Read the passage from "The Beginnings of the Maasai.” I am the daughter of the great Neiterkob, the Father of the Maasai tribe in Africa. You might think that this makes me special, but my father believes that I should live just like the rest of the tribe. Thus, he sends me to look after our tribe’s cattle with the other daughters and sons. These cattle are sacred, because they are actually a divine gift from the sky god, Enkai. Our tribe makes a living by caring for the cattle, feeding them, and protecting them. Which phrase from the passage refers to a key element found in myths? the Maasai tribe in Africa look after our tribe’s cattle These cattle are sacred from the sky god, Enkai