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A large economy is looking to impose tariffs against the rest of the world. Of the key industries targeted, the proposed tariff on imported wine is 25%, and the proposed tariff on imported textile is 10%. Assuming the levels of these tariffs are determined so as to maximize home welfare, which industry has a larger elasticity of export supply? A. Textile B. Wine C. The elasticities are identical between the two industries D. More information is needed

Question

A large economy is looking to impose tariffs against the rest of the world. Of the key industries targeted, the proposed tariff on imported wine is 25%, and the proposed tariff on imported textile is 10%. Assuming the levels of these tariffs are determined so as to maximize home welfare, which industry has a larger elasticity of export supply? A. Textile B. Wine C. The elasticities are identical between the two industries D. More information is needed

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Solution

To determine which industry has a larger elasticity of export supply, we need to understand the relationship between the tariff rate and the elasticity of export supply. When a country imposes a tariff, it does so to maximize its welfare, which involves considering the elasticity of export supply of the goods being taxed.

  1. Elasticity of Export Supply: This measures how much the quantity of exports supplied by foreign producers changes in response to a change in the price they receive (which is affected by the tariff).

  2. Tariff and Elasticity Relationship: Generally, a higher tariff is imposed on goods with a lower elasticity of export supply. This is because when the export supply is inelastic, foreign producers are less responsive to price changes, and the importing country can impose a higher tariff without significantly reducing the quantity imported.

  3. Given Tariff Rates:

    • Wine: 25%
    • Textile: 10%
  4. Analysis:

    • A higher tariff on wine (25%) suggests that the export supply of wine is less elastic (more inelastic). This means foreign producers of wine are less responsive to price changes, allowing the large economy to impose a higher tariff without greatly reducing the quantity imported.
    • A lower tariff on textiles (10%) suggests that the export supply of textiles is more elastic. This means foreign producers of textiles are more responsive to price changes, and a higher tariff would significantly reduce the quantity imported, which is not desirable for maximizing home welfare.
  5. Conclusion: Based on the given tariff rates and the relationship between tariff levels and elasticity of export supply, the industry with a larger elasticity of export supply is the one with the lower tariff.

Therefore, the correct answer is: A. Textile

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