Select all of the following in which carbon fixation is separate from the Calvin cycle.Group of answer choicesCAM photosynthesisC4 photosynthesisC3 photosynthesis
Question
Select all of the following in which carbon fixation is separate from the Calvin cycle.Group of answer choicesCAM photosynthesisC4 photosynthesisC3 photosynthesis
Solution
The processes in which carbon fixation is separate from the Calvin cycle are CAM photosynthesis and C4 photosynthesis.
In C4 photosynthesis, carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle occur in different cells. The carbon fixation happens in mesophyll cells, where CO2 is incorporated into a four-carbon compound. This compound is then transported to bundle-sheath cells, where it releases CO2 to be used in the Calvin cycle.
In CAM photosynthesis, carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle occur at different times. The plant takes in CO2 at night, when the stomata are open, and stores it as a four-carbon compound. During the day, when the stomata are closed to prevent water loss, the plant breaks down the four-carbon compound to supply the Calvin cycle with CO2.
On the other hand, in C3 photosynthesis, carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle occur in the same cells at the same time. CO2 is directly used in the Calvin cycle to produce a three-carbon compound.
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