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Which of the following makes Agarobacterium tumifaciens a useful resource for transformation? Ti plasmid cry gene T DNA Chemoreceptors for sensing wounds

Question

Which of the following makes Agarobacterium tumifaciens a useful resource for transformation? Ti plasmid cry gene T DNA Chemoreceptors for sensing wounds

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Solution

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a useful resource for transformation primarily due to its Ti (Tumor-inducing) plasmid and T-DNA.

  1. Ti Plasmid: The Ti plasmid is a large circular DNA molecule found in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This plasmid is responsible for the ability of the bacteria to cause tumors (or galls) in plants. The Ti plasmid is used in genetic engineering because it can be transferred to a plant cell and become a part of its genome. This allows for the introduction of new genes into the plant.

  2. T-DNA: T-DNA is a part of the Ti plasmid that is transferred from the bacteria to the plant cell during infection. The T-DNA integrates into the plant genome and causes the production of proteins that lead to tumor formation. In genetic engineering, the genes causing tumor formation are removed from the T-DNA and replaced with the desired genes. When the modified T-DNA is transferred to the plant cell, the desired genes are integrated into the plant genome.

The cry gene and chemoreceptors for sensing wounds, while important in other contexts, are not the primary reasons why Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a useful resource for transformation.

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