A waiver of the requirement for documentation of informed consent may be granted when: The only record linking the subject and the research is the consent document and the principal risk is a breach of confidentiality. Potential subjects might find some of the research questions embarrassing, personal, or intrusive. The subjects are literate in their own language; however, they do not read, write, or speak English. The investigator has no convenient place to store signed consent forms separate from the research data.

If disclosure of a subject's involvement in a specific research study can be potentially harmful to the subject, and the consent form is the only record linking the subject to the research, which of the following would be most helpful: Have the subject sign the consent form under an assumed name. Code the subjects' responses. Obtain a waiver of documentation of informed consent. Obtain a Certificate of Confidentiality.

A general requirement for informed consent is that no informed consent may include any exculpatory language. Exculpatory language is that which waives or appears to waive any of the subject's legal rights or releases or appears to release those conducting the research from liability for negligence. Which of the following statements in a consent form is an example of exculpatory language? The researcher may stop you from taking part in this research without your consent if you experience side effects that make your emotional condition worse. If you become too emotionally distressed during the research, you may have to drop out. In the event of any distress you may have related to this research, you will be given access to appropriate resources. Taking part in the research is voluntary, but if you choose to take part, you waive the right to legal redress for any research-related injuries. Your participation in this research is voluntary. If you choose not to participate, or change your mind later, your decision will not affect your relationship with the researcher or your right to other services that you may be eligible for.

A criterion for waiving informed consent is that, when appropriate, subjects are provided additional pertinent information after the study. In which of the following studies would it NOT be appropriate to provide subjects with information about missing elements of consent: A study in which subjects were assigned to study activities based on an undesirable or unflattering physical characteristic as assessed by members of the research team. A study involving decision-making games in which subjects were led to believe that they were interacting with another student in another room, but were actually interacting with a computer programmed to provide consistent responses to all subjects. A study in which researchers told students that they would be given a quiz after reading some study materials when the researchers did not intend to use a quiz, but were attempting to focus subjects' attention on the material. A study in which subjects were told that they performed in the third quartile on an anagram task when in reality students were randomly assigned scores that were not related to their actual performance.

In a psychological research study involving human participants, the researchers fail to obtain informed consent from some participants due to language barriers. What ethical principle is being compromised in this situation? a. Justice b. Beneficence c. Respect for others d. Anonymity

Which of the following is not needed by a participant in order to give informed consent to participate in a research study? A. Knowledge of the participants in the study B. Knowledge of the purpose of the research study C. Knowledge of the risks of the study D. Knowledge of the benefits of the study