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Statement-1 : Energy is released when heavy nuclei undergo fission or light nuclei undergo fusion.Statement-2 : For heavy nuclei, binding energy per nucleon increases with increasing Z while for light nuclei it decreases with increasing Z

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Statement-1 : Energy is released when heavy nuclei undergo fission or light nuclei undergo fusion.Statement-2 : For heavy nuclei, binding energy per nucleon increases with increasing Z while for light nuclei it decreases with increasing Z

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Solution

Statement-1 is correct. Energy is indeed released when heavy nuclei undergo fission or light nuclei undergo fusion. This is because both processes result in products that have a higher binding energy per nucleon than the reactants, and the difference in binding energy is released as energy according to Einstein's equation E=mc^2.

Statement-2, however, is not entirely correct. The binding energy per nucleon does not continuously increase with increasing atomic number (Z). Instead, it increases initially, reaches a maximum at around Z=26 (iron), and then decreases for heavier nuclei. This is why energy is released during both fusion (where light nuclei combine to form heavier ones closer to iron) and fission (where heavy nuclei split into lighter ones closer to iron).

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