_____________ cleaves individual glucose molecules from glycogen.*1 pointPhosphoglucomutaseGlycogen phosphorylase
Question
_____________ cleaves individual glucose molecules from glycogen.*1 pointPhosphoglucomutaseGlycogen phosphorylase
Solution
The enzyme that cleaves individual glucose molecules from glycogen is Glycogen phosphorylase.
Here are the steps of how it works:
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Glycogen phosphorylase breaks the alpha-1,4 glycosidic linkages between adjacent glucose units in the glycogen chain.
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This reaction involves the addition of a phosphate group (phosphorylation) to the glucose molecule, creating glucose-1-phosphate.
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The enzyme continues to cleave glucose from the non-reducing ends of the glycogen molecule until it reaches four residues from a branch point (where a glucose unit is connected to the chain through an alpha-1,6 glycosidic bond).
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At this point, a different enzyme called a debranching enzyme is needed to continue the breakdown of glycogen.
So, the correct answer is Glycogen phosphorylase.
Similar Questions
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The body's largest stores of glycogen are found in the liver and skeletal muscles. Individual glucosyl residues (ie, glucose monomers) in muscle and liver glycogen particles are linked by α(1→4) and α(1→6) glycosidic bonds and are released in the reactions of glycogenolysis. Glycogen phosphorylase catalyzes the removal of most of the glucosyl residues, although debranching enzyme also releases the single glucose molecule that remains after it repositions three residues onto an adjacent linear chain.Binding of the hormone epinephrine to its receptor on the surface of muscle cells stimulates muscle glycogenolysis through activation of a signaling cascade (Figure 1).Figure 1 Stimulation of skeletal muscle glycogenolysis by epinephrine.The relative signal amplification (SA) at each step (I–IV in Figure 1) can be determined by comparing the number of active signaling molecules before (Mbefore) and after (Mafter) the step:SA=MafterMbeforeSA=𝑀after𝑀before Question 36The skeletal muscles collectively contain more than twice as much glucose stored in glycogen as is found in the liver. Compared with the liver, the amount of glucose released into the blood from muscles is likely:A.greater from glycogenolysis, but less from gluconeogenesis.B.the same from glycogenolysis, but more from gluconeogenesis.C.less from both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.D.the same from both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
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