structures in CA structure is a user-defined data type available in C that allows to combining data items of different kinds. Structures are used to represent a record.Defining a structure: To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, with more than one member. The format of the struct statement is as follows: struct [structure name] { member definition; member definition; ... member definition; };unionA union is a special data type available in C that allows storing different data types in the same memory location. You can define a union with many members, but only one member can contain a value at any given time. Unions provide an efficient way of using the same memory location for multiple purposes.Defining a Union: To define a union, you must use the union statement in the same way as you did while defining a structure. The union statement defines a new data type with more than one member for your program. The format of the union statement is as follows: union [union name] { member definition; member definition; ... member definition; };Similarities between Structure and UnionBoth are user-defined data types used to store data of different types as a single unit.Their members can be objects of any type, including other structures and unions or arrays. A member can also consist of a bit field.Both structures and unions support only assignment = and sizeof operators. The two structures or unions in the assignment must have the same members and member types.A structure or a union can be passed by value to functions and returned by value by functions. The argument must have the same type as the function parameter. A structure or union is passed by value just like a scalar variable as a corresponding parameter.‘.’ operator is used for accessing members.Consider the following C declaration. struct { short s[5]; union { float y; long z; }u; } t;Assume that objects of the type short, float and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 8 bytes, respectively. The memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, isa.22 bytesb.14 bytesc.18 bytesd.10 bytes
Question
structures in CA structure is a user-defined data type available in C that allows to combining data items of different kinds. Structures are used to represent a record.Defining a structure: To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, with more than one member. The format of the struct statement is as follows: struct [structure name] { member definition; member definition; ... member definition; };unionA union is a special data type available in C that allows storing different data types in the same memory location. You can define a union with many members, but only one member can contain a value at any given time. Unions provide an efficient way of using the same memory location for multiple purposes.Defining a Union: To define a union, you must use the union statement in the same way as you did while defining a structure. The union statement defines a new data type with more than one member for your program. The format of the union statement is as follows: union [union name] { member definition; member definition; ... member definition; };Similarities between Structure and UnionBoth are user-defined data types used to store data of different types as a single unit.Their members can be objects of any type, including other structures and unions or arrays. A member can also consist of a bit field.Both structures and unions support only assignment = and sizeof operators. The two structures or unions in the assignment must have the same members and member types.A structure or a union can be passed by value to functions and returned by value by functions. The argument must have the same type as the function parameter. A structure or union is passed by value just like a scalar variable as a corresponding parameter.‘.’ operator is used for accessing members.Consider the following C declaration. struct { short s[5]; union { float y; long z; }u; } t;Assume that objects of the type short, float and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 8 bytes, respectively. The memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, isa.22 bytesb.14 bytesc.18 bytesd.10 bytes
Solution
To define a structure in this programming language, you need to use the struct statement. The struct statement allows you to create a new data type with multiple members. The format for defining a structure is as follows:
struct [structure name] { member definition; member definition; ... member definition; };
On the other hand, a union is another data type available in this programming language that allows you to store different data types in the same memory location. Similar to a structure, you can define a union with multiple members, but only one member can contain a value at a time. The format for defining a union is as follows:
union [union name] { member definition; member definition; ... member definition; };
Both structures and unions are user-defined data types used to store data of different types as a single unit. They can have members of any type, including other structures, unions, arrays, or bit fields. They support assignment (=) and sizeof operators. When assigning structures or unions, the two must have the same members and member types.
In terms of passing structures or unions to functions, they can be passed by value and returned by value. The argument must have the same type as the function parameter. To access members of a structure or union, you use the '.' operator.
Considering the given C declaration:
struct { short s[5]; union { float y; long z; } u; } t;
Assuming that short, float, and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes, and 8 bytes respectively, the memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations, is:
a. 22 bytes b. 14 bytes c. 18 bytes d. 10 bytes
The correct answer is b. 14 bytes.
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