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Spontaneous chemical reactionsa. occur immediately.b. have a negative Gibbs free energy.c. have a positive Gibbs free energy.d. only occur with the assistance of enzymes.e. do not occur in biology.

Question

Spontaneous chemical reactionsa. occur immediately.b. have a negative Gibbs free energy.c. have a positive Gibbs free energy.d. only occur with the assistance of enzymes.e. do not occur in biology.

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Solution

The correct answer is b. Spontaneous chemical reactions have a negative Gibbs free energy. This is because a negative Gibbs free energy indicates that the reaction can occur without the input of energy. In other words, the reaction is energetically favorable. The other options are incorrect because spontaneous reactions can occur in biology (disproving e), they do not need the assistance of enzymes (disproving d), they do not necessarily occur immediately (disproving a), and a positive Gibbs free energy would mean the reaction is not spontaneous (disproving c).

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