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Bode made a rocket using an empty plastic bottle and fins made out of cardboard. After partially filling the bottle with water, he pumps air into the bottle using a pump attached to the rocket with plastic tubes. When the pressure in the bottle becomes high enough, the water gushes out and launches the rocket into the air, as shown in the diagram below.Image modified courtesy of NASAHow does the force that causes the water to leave the rocket compare to the force that causes the rocket to launch? A. They are unequal and act in the same direction. B. They are equal and act in the same direction. C. They are equal and act in opposite directions. D. They are unequal and act in opposite directions.

Question

Bode made a rocket using an empty plastic bottle and fins made out of cardboard. After partially filling the bottle with water, he pumps air into the bottle using a pump attached to the rocket with plastic tubes. When the pressure in the bottle becomes high enough, the water gushes out and launches the rocket into the air, as shown in the diagram below.Image modified courtesy of NASAHow does the force that causes the water to leave the rocket compare to the force that causes the rocket to launch? A. They are unequal and act in the same direction. B. They are equal and act in the same direction. C. They are equal and act in opposite directions. D. They are unequal and act in opposite directions.

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Solution

The answer is C. They are equal and act in opposite directions. This is based on Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When the water is forced out of the rocket (action), the rocket is launched into the air (reaction). The forces involved are equal in magnitude but act in opposite directions.

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9. If the bottle were left open (with no cap) and additional force were applied to the bottle—such as someone pulling it downward as it fell—what would you expect to see happen? aThe water would stay in the bottle.bThe water would come out of the top of the bottle.cThe water would come out of the holes in the bottle sideways.dThe water would come out of the holes in the bottle and fall downward.

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