A circle has center 𝐺, and points 𝑀 and 𝑁 lie on the circle. Line segments 𝑀𝐻 and 𝑁𝐻 are tangent to the circle at points 𝑀 and 𝑁, respectively. If the radius of the circle is 168 millimeters and the perimeter of quadrilateral 𝐺𝑀𝐻𝑁 is 3,856 millimeters, what is the distance, in millimeters, between points 𝐺 and 𝐻?
Question
A circle has center 𝐺, and points 𝑀 and 𝑁 lie on the circle. Line segments 𝑀𝐻 and 𝑁𝐻 are tangent to the circle at points 𝑀 and 𝑁, respectively. If the radius of the circle is 168 millimeters and the perimeter of quadrilateral 𝐺𝑀𝐻𝑁 is 3,856 millimeters, what is the distance, in millimeters, between points 𝐺 and 𝐻?
Solution
To solve this problem, we need to understand a few properties of circles and tangents.
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The radius of a circle is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of tangency. This means that triangles GMH and GNH are right triangles.
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In a right triangle, the hypotenuse is the longest side. This means that GH > GM and GH > GN. Since GM = GN = 168 mm (the radius of the circle), GH > 168 mm.
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The perimeter of quadrilateral GMHN is the sum of its sides. We know that GM = GN = 168 mm, and MH + NH = 3856 - 168 - 168 = 3520 mm.
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Since triangles GMH and GNH are right triangles with the same height (GH) and base (GM = GN = 168 mm), they are congruent, so MH = NH. Therefore, MH = NH = 3520 / 2 = 1760 mm.
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Now we can use the Pythagorean theorem to find GH. In triangle GMH, GH^2 = GM^2 + MH^2 = 168^2 + 1760^2.
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Therefore, GH = sqrt(168^2 + 1760^2) = 1772 mm.
So, the distance between points G and H is 1772 millimeters.
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