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Which of these results in division of the cell contents exterior to the nucleus during the cell cycle?

Question

Which of these results in division of the cell contents exterior to the nucleus during the cell cycle?

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Solution 1

The process that results in division of the cell contents exterior to the nucleus during the cell cycle is called cytokinesis. Here are the steps:

  1. The cell cycle begins with interphase, which is the period of the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. During interphase, the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for cell division.

  2. The next phase is mitosis, which is the division of the nucleus. This phase is further divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

  3. After mitosis, the cell enters cytokinesis. This is the phase where the cell's cytoplasm divides, creating two new cells.

  4. During cytokinesis, the cell membrane starts to pinch in at the middle of the cell. This is called the cleavage furrow in animal cells. In plant cells, a cell plate forms in the middle of the cell.

  5. The cleavage furrow or cell plate continues to grow until it reaches the sides of the cell, dividing the cell into two separate cells. Each new cell has its own nucleus and a complete set of organelles.

  6. After cytokinesis, each new cell enters interphase and the cell cycle begins again.

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Solution 2

The process that results in division of the cell contents exterior to the nucleus during the cell cycle is called Cytokinesis.

Here are the steps of how it happens:

  1. The first step in cytokinesis begins just as mitosis is ending. The chromosomes have already been separated into two new nuclei during telophase of mitosis.

  2. The cytoplasm starts to divide, and the cell forms a contractile ring made up of microfilaments around the center of the cell. This ring pinches the cell into two halves, much like a drawstring bag closing.

  3. The contractile ring continues to constrict (tighten) until it pinches the cell into two nearly equal halves. Each half contains its own nucleus and identical sets of genetic material.

  4. The end result of cytokinesis is the production of two daughter cells, each with a complete set of chromosomes identical to those of the mother cell. The daughter cells are now ready to begin their own cellular processes, including the cell cycle and mitosis, if necessary.

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