State the full electron configuration of the chlorine atom.
Question
State the full electron configuration of the chlorine atom.
Solution
The electron configuration of a chlorine atom is:
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Identify the atomic number of chlorine. The atomic number of chlorine is 17, which means it has 17 electrons in a neutral atom.
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Start filling the energy levels with electrons. According to the Aufbau principle, electrons fill the lowest energy levels first.
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The first energy level (1s) can hold up to 2 electrons. So, we put 2 electrons in the 1s orbital. Now we have 15 electrons left.
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The second energy level can hold up to 8 electrons (2 in the 2s orbital and 6 in the 2p orbital). So, we put 2 electrons in the 2s orbital and 6 electrons in the 2p orbital. Now we have 7 electrons left.
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The third energy level can also hold up to 8 electrons (2 in the 3s orbital and 6 in the 3p orbital). We put 2 electrons in the 3s orbital and 5 electrons in the 3p orbital. Now we have 0 electrons left.
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Therefore, the full electron configuration of the chlorine atom is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵.
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