Which of the following actions is/are typically not performed by the operating system, when switching context from process A to process B?a.Changing address translation tablesb.Validating the translation look-aside bufferc.Saving current register values and restoring saved register values for process B.d.Swapping out the memory image of process A to the disk

The action that is typically not performed by the operating system when switching context from process A to process B is "Swapping out the memory image of process A to the disk".

Here's why:

a. Changing address translation tables: This is typically done by the operating system during a context switch. The address translation tables are used to map the virtual addresses of a process to physical addresses in memory. When a context switch occurs, the operating system needs to change these tables to correspond to the memory addresses of the new process.

b. Validating the translation look-aside buffer: The Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is a cache that holds recent translations of virtual memory to physical memory. During a context switch, the operating system might need to invalidate the TLB entries related to the old process, as they are no longer relevant.

c. Saving current register values and restoring saved register values for process B: This is a crucial part of a context switch. The state of a process is largely contained in its register values. Therefore, the operating system needs to save the current state of the process before switching to a new one.

d. Swapping out the memory image of process A to the disk: This is typically not done during a context switch. Swapping is a method used to move parts of a process's memory image from RAM to the disk, to free up memory. However, this is a relatively slow operation and is not typically done during every context switch. Instead, the operating system tries to keep as many processes in memory as possible for efficiency.