Diagrams A, B and C show cells from different parts of the human body, all drawn to the same scale.7. (a) Which cell, A, B or C, appears to have adaptations to increase diffusion into or outof the cell? Give one reason for your choice. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Page 15 of 18bone marrowEmbryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell in the body whereas stem cells from bone marrow can only differentiate into certain cells(b) (i) Cell C is found in the pancreas. Name one useful substance produced by the pancreas. ______________________________________________________________ (1) (ii) Use information from the diagram to explain how cell C is adapted for producing this substance. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________
Question
Diagrams A, B and C show cells from different parts of the human body, all drawn to the same scale.7. (a) Which cell, A, B or C, appears to have adaptations to increase diffusion into or outof the cell? Give one reason for your choice. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Page 15 of 18bone marrowEmbryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell in the body whereas stem cells from bone marrow can only differentiate into certain cells(b) (i) Cell C is found in the pancreas. Name one useful substance produced by the pancreas. ______________________________________________________________ (1) (ii) Use information from the diagram to explain how cell C is adapted for producing this substance. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________
Solution
(a) Without the diagrams, it's difficult to definitively say which cell, A, B, or C, appears to have adaptations to increase diffusion into or out of the cell. However, typically, cells that are adapted for increased diffusion often have a larger surface area, such as being flatter or having many extensions, to allow for more area for substances to pass through.
(b) (i) One useful substance produced by the pancreas is insulin.
(ii) Again, without the diagram of cell C, it's hard to explain how it is adapted for producing this substance. However, typically, cells that are specialized for producing and secreting substances like insulin often have a lot of rough endoplasmic reticulum to produce the protein, and Golgi apparatus to package it for secretion. They may also have a large nucleus to control the production of these proteins.
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