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Consider the sentences ยฌ(๐‘โ†’๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿยฌ(๐‘โ†’๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿ and ๐‘โˆง(๐‘žโˆจ๐‘Ÿ)๐‘โˆง(๐‘žโˆจ๐‘Ÿ). There are 8 possible interpretations for these sentences according to the truth values of ๐‘๐‘, ๐‘ž๐‘ž and ๐‘Ÿ๐‘Ÿ. Under how many of these interpretations do the two sentences have the same truth value?

Question

Consider the sentences ยฌ(๐‘โ†’๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿยฌ(๐‘โ†’๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿ and ๐‘โˆง(๐‘žโˆจ๐‘Ÿ)๐‘โˆง(๐‘žโˆจ๐‘Ÿ). There are 8 possible interpretations for these sentences according to the truth values of ๐‘๐‘, ๐‘ž๐‘ž and ๐‘Ÿ๐‘Ÿ. Under how many of these interpretations do the two sentences have the same truth value?

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Solution

To solve this problem, we need to construct a truth table for each of the given sentences and then compare the results.

Step 1: Construct a truth table for the variables p, q, and r. There are 8 possible combinations of truth values for these three variables (TTT, TTF, TFT, TFF, FTT, FTF, FFT, FFF).

Step 2: Evaluate the truth value of each sentence for each combination of truth values.

For ยฌ(๐‘โ†’๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿ, remember that ๐‘โ†’๐‘ž is equivalent to ยฌ๐‘โˆจ๐‘ž. So the sentence becomes ยฌ(ยฌ๐‘โˆจ๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿ, which is equivalent to (๐‘โˆงยฌ๐‘ž)โ†’๐‘Ÿ, and finally equivalent to ยฌ(๐‘โˆงยฌ๐‘ž)โˆจ๐‘Ÿ.

For ๐‘โˆง(๐‘žโˆจ๐‘Ÿ), the sentence is already in a simple form.

Step 3: Compare the truth values of the two sentences for each combination of truth values. Count the number of combinations for which the two sentences have the same truth value.

Without knowing the specific truth values of p, q, and r, we can't give a specific number. But following these steps will give you the answer.

This problem has been solved

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Show that ยฌ(๐‘ โˆจ (ยฌ๐‘ โˆง ๐‘ž)) and ยฌ๐‘ โˆง ยฌ๐‘ž are logically equivalent by:a) Using a truth table (3 POINTS)b) Using logical equivalences

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