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Consider a random variable with probability density function f(x)={kx2,0≤x≤40,otherwise 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = { 𝑘 𝑥 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4 0 , 𝑜 𝑡 ℎ 𝑒 𝑟 𝑤 𝑖 𝑠 𝑒 Find the value of k and the value of P(x>2) a. 0.4567 b. 0.7565 c. 0.3534 d. 0.8755

Question

Consider a random variable with probability density function f(x)={kx2,0≤x≤40,otherwise 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )

{ 𝑘 𝑥 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4 0 , 𝑜 𝑡 ℎ 𝑒 𝑟 𝑤 𝑖 𝑠 𝑒 Find the value of k and the value of P(x>2)

a. 0.4567

b. 0.7565

c. 0.3534

d. 0.8755

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Solution

Para encontrar el valor de k k y P(x>2) P(x > 2) , sigamos los siguientes pasos:

  1. Encontrar el valor de k k :

    La función de densidad de probabilidad f(x) f(x) debe satisfacer la condición de que la integral de f(x) f(x) sobre todo el rango de x x sea igual a 1. Es decir,

    04kx2dx=1 \int_{0}^{4} kx^2 \, dx = 1

    Calculamos la integral:

    04kx2dx=k04x2dx \int_{0}^{4} kx^2 \, dx = k \int_{0}^{4} x^2 \, dx

    La integral de x2 x^2 es:

    x2dx=x33 \int x^2 \, dx = \frac{x^3}{3}

    Evaluamos esta integral desde 0 hasta 4:

    k[x33]04=k(433033)=k(643) k \left[ \frac{x^3}{3} \right]_{0}^{4} = k \left( \frac{4^3}{3} - \frac{0^3}{3} \right) = k \left( \frac{64}{3} \right)

    Igualamos a 1:

    k(643)=1 k \left( \frac{64}{3} \right) = 1

    Despejamos k k :

    k=364 k = \frac{3}{64}

  2. Encontrar P(x>2) P(x > 2) :

    La probabilidad P(x>2) P(x > 2) se calcula integrando la función de densidad desde 2 hasta 4:

    P(x>2)=24f(x)dx=24364x2dx P(x > 2) = \int_{2}^{4} f(x) \, dx = \int_{2}^{4} \frac{3}{64} x^2 \, dx

    Calculamos la integral:

    24364x2dx=36424x2dx \int_{2}^{4} \frac{3}{64} x^2 \, dx = \frac{3}{64} \int_{2}^{4} x^2 \, dx

    Usamos la integral de x2 x^2 que ya conocemos:

    364[x33]24=364(433233)=364(64383)=364(563)=356643=5664=78 \frac{3}{64} \left[ \frac{x^3}{3} \right]_{2}^{4} = \frac{3}{64} \left( \frac{4^3}{3} - \frac{2^3}{3} \right) = \frac{3}{64} \left( \frac{64}{3} - \frac{8}{3} \right) = \frac{3}{64} \left( \frac{56}{3} \right) = \frac{3 \cdot 56}{64 \cdot 3} = \frac{56}{64} = \frac{7}{8}

    Por lo tanto,

    P(x>2)=78=0.875 P(x > 2) = \frac{7}{8} = 0.875

La respuesta correcta es:

d. 0.8755

This problem has been solved

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