Assume that the country in Figure 2 has a presidential system. The existing policy is shaded in grey. Individual A is the president, and Individual B is the leader of the majority party in Parliament. There are three policy proposals tabled for discussion. Which policy is most likely in this situation? Figure 2: Policy reform in a presidential system.Question 5Select one:a.Policy 1b.Maintenance of existing policyc.Policy 3d.Policy 2

Members of civil society are debating whether a presidential system would result in a different policy outcome to a parliamentary system. Imagine that the country is a presidential democracy. The same players with the same preferences are voting on the same policy change, except in this case Politician E is the leader of the majority party and D is the President. Assume that parliament is comprised of only the eight politicians shown in Figure 3. The existing policy and the three proposed changes to policy have all been labelled on the spatial model. Given the veto powers in a presidential system, the expected outcome of this system is _______.Figure 3: A spatial model of Parliament. Question 10Select one:a.The policy will not change. b.Policy 2 will be chosen. c.Policy 1 will be chosen.d.Policy 3 will be chosen.

The country in Figure 1 is a parliamentary democracy. The Conservatives did not receive a majority in the last election. Assume that parliament is comprised of only the seven politicians shown in Figure 1. The prime minister is Politician E, a member of the Conservative Party. The existing policy and the three proposed changes to policy have all been labelled on the spatial model. The expected outcome of this system is ____.Figure 1: A spatial model of Parliament. Question 8Select one:a.Policy 3 will be chosen.b.Policy 1 will be chosen.c.The policy will not change. d.Policy 2 will be chosen.

Multiple Choice QuestionIn general, presidents have more power to act on their own in which policy area?Multiple choice question.bureaucratic policyforeign policydomestic policylegislative policy

Policy implementation is generally handled byGroup of answer choicesthe House of Representatives.the Senate.state legislatures.executive agencies.

Which action is the responsibility of the executive branch in creating a policy?A.Debating and finalizing the details of the policyB.Formulating the initial idea for the policyC.Measuring the level of public support for the policyD.Determining whether the policy is constitutional