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Prove that set of 2 × 2 matrioes form a group under addition.

Question

Prove that set of 2 × 2 matrioes form a group under addition.

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Solution

Sure, here is the step-by-step proof that the set of 2x2 matrices forms a group under addition:

  1. Closure: If A and B are two 2x2 matrices, then their sum C = A + B is also a 2x2 matrix. This shows that the set of 2x2 matrices is closed under addition.

  2. Associativity: If A, B, and C are three 2x2 matrices, then (A + B) + C = A + (B + C). This shows that the operation of addition is associative for 2x2 matrices.

  3. Identity element: The 2x2 zero matrix, denoted by 0, serves as the identity element for this group. For any 2x2 matrix A, A + 0 = 0 + A = A.

  4. Inverse element: For every 2x2 matrix A, there exists a matrix -A such that A + (-A) = (-A) + A = 0, the zero matrix. This shows that every element in the set of 2x2 matrices has an inverse under addition.

Since the set of 2x2 matrices satisfies all the four properties (closure, associativity, identity element, and inverse element) under addition, it forms a group under addition.

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