The diagram shows a sequence of bases on a DNA template: CAC GTT CGC ATA GAC Which one of the following shows the sequence of bases on the complementary mRNA strand with one substitution mutation? A) CUC GTT CGC UTT GUC B) GTG CAA GGG TAT CTG C) GUG CAA CCG UAU CUG D) GUG CAA GCG UAU GUC E) GTG CAA GCG TAT CTG
Question
The diagram shows a sequence of bases on a DNA template:
CAC GTT CGC ATA GAC
Which one of the following shows the sequence of bases on the complementary mRNA strand with one substitution mutation?
A) CUC GTT CGC UTT GUC B) GTG CAA GGG TAT CTG C) GUG CAA CCG UAU CUG D) GUG CAA GCG UAU GUC E) GTG CAA GCG TAT CTG
Solution
The process of transcription involves the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template. The base pairing rules in this process are: A (adenine) pairs with U (uracil), T (thymine) pairs with A (adenine), C (cytosine) pairs with G (guanine), and G (guanine) pairs with C (cytosine).
Given the DNA sequence CAC GTT CGC ATA GAC, the complementary mRNA sequence would be GUG CAA GCG UAU CUG.
Now, we need to find the sequence with one substitution mutation. A substitution mutation is a mutation that exchanges one base for another (i.e., a change in a single "chemical letter" such as switching an A to a G).
Looking at the options:
A) CUC GTT CGC UTT GUC - This has more than one substitution. B) GTG CAA GGG TAT CTG - This has more than one substitution. C) GUG CAA CCG UAU CUG - This has one substitution (GCG to CCG). D) GUG CAA GCG UAU GUC - This has one substitution (CUG to GUC). E) GTG CAA GCG TAT CTG - This has more than one substitution.
So, the correct answers are C and D, each with one substitution mutation.
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