Where are the cell bodies of the neurons that cause NMDA receptor activation to the conditional pacemakers in the spinal circuits of the intact Lamprey during swimmingGroup of answer choicesIn the brain stemIn the visual nucleiIn the vestibular nucleiin the ipsilateral spinal cordin the contralateral spinal cord
Question
Where are the cell bodies of the neurons that cause NMDA receptor activation to the conditional pacemakers in the spinal circuits of the intact Lamprey during swimmingGroup of answer choicesIn the brain stemIn the visual nucleiIn the vestibular nucleiin the ipsilateral spinal cordin the contralateral spinal cord
Solution
The cell bodies of the neurons that cause NMDA receptor activation to the conditional pacemakers in the spinal circuits of the intact Lamprey during swimming are located in the brain stem.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
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The brain stem is a part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
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Neurons, or nerve cells, are the basic working unit of the brain designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells.
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The NMDA receptor (N-methyl D-aspartate receptor) is a glutamate receptor and ion channel protein found in nerve cells. It is activated when glutamate and glycine (or D-serine) bind to it, and when the neuron is already depolarized.
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In the context of the intact Lamprey during swimming, the neurons in the brain stem are responsible for causing NMDA receptor activation to the conditional pacemakers in the spinal circuits.
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Conditional pacemakers are neurons that can switch between tonic firing and bursting. In the spinal circuits of the Lamprey, these conditional pacemakers are crucial for generating the rhythmic motor
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