A patient with heart complications may need an artificial heart to permanently or temporarily replace their heart. An engineer is planning to create a new version of an artificial heart. Which of the following is a constraint on the artificial heart design? A. The material of the artificial heart must be strong and heavy to hold all of the blood in the patient's body. B. The rate at which the artificial heart pumps must be able to change based on the patient's activity level. C. The material of the artificial heart must chemically react with blood and oxygen inside the patient's body. D. The artificial heart must be able to turn on or off based on whether the patient is awake or asleep.
Question
A patient with heart complications may need an artificial heart to permanently or temporarily replace their heart. An engineer is planning to create a new version of an artificial heart. Which of the following is a constraint on the artificial heart design? A. The material of the artificial heart must be strong and heavy to hold all of the blood in the patient's body. B. The rate at which the artificial heart pumps must be able to change based on the patient's activity level. C. The material of the artificial heart must chemically react with blood and oxygen inside the patient's body. D. The artificial heart must be able to turn on or off based on whether the patient is awake or asleep.
Solution
The correct answer is B. The rate at which the artificial heart pumps must be able to change based on the patient's activity level. This is a constraint because the artificial heart needs to mimic the function of a natural heart, which adjusts its rate based on the body's oxygen needs. This can change depending on whether the person is resting, exercising, or experiencing emotional stress.
Option A is incorrect because the material of the artificial heart does not need to be heavy, it needs to be durable and biocompatible.
Option C is incorrect because the material of the artificial heart should not chemically react with blood and oxygen. It should be biocompatible and not cause any adverse reactions in the body.
Option D is incorrect because the artificial heart should not turn off when the patient is asleep. The heart needs to function all the time, regardless of whether the person is awake or asleep.
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