Define the terms Shear force and Bending Moment?

Shear Force: In structural engineering, shear force is a force that acts on a point in a structure (like a beam), causing it to "shear" off, meaning it pushes one part of the structure in one specific direction, and another part of the structure in the opposite direction. This can cause the structure to deform or even break if the force is strong enough.

Bending Moment: This is the reaction induced in a structural element when an external force or moment is applied to the element causing the element to bend. The most common or simplest structural element subjected to bending moments is the beam. The bending moment at a section of the beam is defined as the algebraic sum of the moments about the section of all external loads and reactions acting on either side of the section.

Shear Force: In structural engineering, shear force is a force that acts on a point in a structure (like a beam), causing a sliding failure in that structure along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force. In simpler terms, imagine you're holding a book and trying to tear it in half - the force you're applying is a shear force.

Bending Moment: This is the reaction induced in a structural element (like a beam) when an external force or moment is applied to the element, causing it to bend. In simpler terms, if you've ever bent a ruler, the force that's causing the ruler to bend is the bending moment. The bending moment at any point along the beam is equal to the sum of all the moments about that point.