During the 19th century, the industrial revolution led to advances in health care in the United States that resulted in declines in the death rate followed by population growth.  Around 1860, the U.S. birth rate also began to steadily decline until reaching its current plateau of about two births per woman during her lifetime.  Since 1860, the U.S. birth rate has significantly increased during only one period: the post-World War II era known as the baby boom."Baby boomers," the generation of Americans born roughly between 1946 and 1964, are living longer than any prior generation, and their aging has evolving social and historical significance.  By 2030, it is estimated that there will be about 61 million baby boomers in their eighties.  In 1950, there were approximately seven times more producers (people age 15-64) than elderly (people age 65 and over); by 2030 there are projected to be less than three times more producers than elderly.  Providing medical and social care to this aging cohort will have a major negative impact on the American economy due to the costs associated with health care and basic social services.Also impacting the U.S. population distribution is the fact that younger Americans (referred to as "millennials," born roughly between 1982 and 2004) are delaying marriage and children more so than any preceding generation, resulting in declining U.S. fertility rates.  Figure 1 compares the U.S. population pyramid in 2000 to a projected population pyramid in 2030.Figure 1  United States population pyramid from 2000 and a projected population pyramid for 2030 Question 32The passage provides specific data for which of the following in the United States?A.The number of live births per year for every 1,000 members of a population, regardless of sex or ageB.The total number of live births per year for every 1,000 women of childbearing age in a populationC.The average number of children born per woman during her lifetimeD.The number of live births per year for 1,000 women in a certain age group in a population

Fill in the Blank QuestionFill in the blank question.After World War II, the U.S. government encouraged women to leave their wartime jobs and stay at home. Reunited couples started new families and the result was a rise in the birth rate called the "baby ."

Which of the following best explains a possible limitation of the trends assumed from the population pyramid and estimates in the data table?ResponsesA period of war followed by a baby boom, similar to that of the 1940s and 1950s, is likely to occur within a generation, increasing the youth-aged cohorts.A period of war followed by a baby boom, similar to that of the 1940s and 1950s, is likely to occur within a generation, increasing the youth-aged cohorts.Modernization of health-care systems may result in improvements in women’s health and pregnancy and result in more children being born, increasing the youth-aged cohorts.Modernization of health-care systems may result in improvements in women’s health and pregnancy and result in more children being born, increasing the youth-aged cohorts.Labor shortages may cause the government to reduce the legal barriers to immigration, and immigrant populations could increase the working-age cohorts.Labor shortages may cause the government to reduce the legal barriers to immigration, and immigrant populations could increase the working-age cohorts.Decreasing populations may cause an economic decline, prompting many citizens to emigrate to other more developed countries and decreasing the working-age cohorts.Decreasing populations may cause an economic decline, prompting many citizens to emigrate to other more developed countries and decreasing the working-age cohorts.Production efficiencies gained from computerization and robotization of manufacturing may free parents from long work hours and result in more time to have additional children, increasing the youth-aged cohorts.

As discussed in class lecture, the baby boom generation represents those born between roughly:Group of answer choices1946-19641980-20002000-20201965-1979

The core of the American hippie movement during the 1960s and ’70s were twentysomethings who belonged to what demographers call the baby-boom generation. This generation, made up of men and women who followed in the footsteps of America’s Silent Generation (born between the early 1920s and about 1942), are known for economic and societal impacts that changed American landscapes as well as American values.The baby-boom generation was the product of the sudden increase in U.S. births occurring between 1946 and 1964. The increase was largely the result of the renewed confidence and security that followed the economic hardships and uncertainties of the Great Depression and World War II. Many couples simply couldn’t afford to either get married or have children before 1946; however, after the final shots of World War II were fired, the United States was the only remaining world power with road, rail, and industrial infrastructure that was largely undamaged by the war. Experts believe that a combination of factors produced the baby boom. These included a desire to settle down after the tumult of the 1930s and early 1940s; Cold War propaganda that urged Americans to have more children than their communist counterparts in the Soviet Union, China, and elsewhere; and the demographic double whammy of younger and older couples (both of child-bearing age) deciding to begin families at the same time.The need to accommodate growing families spurred a suburban boom in affordable housing, schools, places of worship, shopping malls, and the road, rail, water, and electrical lines that served them. These developments, in addition to other forces—such as increases in the country’s Cold War defense budget combined with the desire for American products and expertise worldwide—more than doubled the country’s gross national product (GNP, the total market value of the final goods and services produced by a nation’s economy in a given year) between 1940 and 1960.The sheer size of the baby-boom generation (some 75 million) magnified its impact on society. The lasting effect of the boomers went well beyond changing the faces of cities and landscapes. As they reached young adulthood in the 1960s and ’70s, their tastes in music and their hair and dress styles strongly influenced the national culture, driving the popularity of rock music, folk music, and television programming and, to some extent, changing the country’s attitudes toward drug use, sexuality, and how the country viewed those in power. The political activism of some boomers also contributed much to the unpopularity of the Vietnam War. As the war dragged on into the early 1970s, the size of the protest movement grew, largely as a result of the participation by baby boomers who joined in to call for an end to the conflict.

After World War II, the birthrate in Canada rose sharply, resulting in a group known as:Multiple ChoiceGen Yers.Gen Xers.Baby Boomers.Digital Natives.Millennials.