A heat engine returns to its initial state so it's change in internal energy is equal to zero. This means the net done is equal to the net taken in.
Question
A heat engine returns to its initial state so it's change in internal energy is equal to zero. This means the net done is equal to the net taken in.
Solution
The statement you've provided is based on the First Law of Thermodynamics, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted. In the context of a heat engine, this law implies that the total amount of energy in the system remains constant.
Here's a step-by-step breakdown:
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A heat engine operates in a cycle, returning to its initial state after each cycle. This means that the change in its internal energy (ΔU) over a complete cycle is zero.
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According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a system is equal to the heat added to the system (Q) minus the work done by the system (W). This can be written as ΔU = Q - W.
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Since ΔU = 0 for a heat engine over a complete cycle, we can rearrange the equation to find that the work done by the system (W) is equal to the heat added to the system (Q). This can be written as W = Q.
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Therefore, the net work done by the heat engine is equal to the net heat taken in by the engine over a complete cycle. This is a direct consequence of the First Law of Thermodynamics and the fact that the engine operates in a cycle, returning to its initial state after each cycle.
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