Why might an HIV test be negative within the first two to three weeks of an HIV infection?Multiple Choicebecause there is no HIV in the bloodbecause there are no detectable levels of HIV antibodies in the bloodbecause there are no symptomsbecause the CD4 T-cell count is above 500 cells/mm3because there are no opportunistic infections yet

Why are CD4 counts related to HIV infection?

The HIV test we consider is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, commonly known as an ELISA. ELISA’s true positive rate, also referred to as sensitively, is estimated as 𝑃(𝐸𝐿𝐼𝑆𝐴 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒|𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝐻𝐼𝑉 ) = 0.93. Its true negative rate, also referred to as specificity, is estimated as 𝑃(𝐸𝐿𝐼𝑆𝐴 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒|𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑛𝑜 𝐻𝐼𝑉 ) = 0.99. Also, the prevalence of HIV in the overall population, which is estimated to be 1.48 out of every 1000 American adults. i.e. 𝑃(𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝐻𝐼𝑉) = 0.00148. i. Compute the probability that someone has HIV if ELISA tests positive. ii. What is the probability that someone who tests positive does not have HIV? iii. What is the probability of being HIV positive if the second ELISA test comes back positive? iv. What is the probability that one has HIV after testing positive three times on the ELISA test? (Assume that all three ELISAs are independent)

It is possible for a mom to have HIV and the baby to be negative?*2 pointsTrueFalse

The nurse has instructed a client newly diagnosed with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following statements by the client would indicate effective understanding? This disease is caused by a retrovirus leading toA. encapsulation of CD4+ T-cells.B. inflammation of the CD4+ T-cells.C. abnormal proliferation of CD4+ T-cells.D. viral integration into the CD4+ T-cells.

Patient X has 150 CD4 T cells/mm3. What phase of an HIV infection is this patient in?Multiple Choiceacute phase (A)chronic phase (B)AIDS (C)transmission phase (D)terminal phase (E)