A student in a statistics class needs to do a project and decides to find out if the average high school GPA of students in a statistics course at her university is higher than the average high school GPA for their university. The university’s average high school GPA of enrolled students in their year was 4.41.She emails a survey to all of her friends that are taking statistics and asks them what their high school GPA is. Her sample contains 18 responses. She chooses a 5% level of significance. From her data, she calculates a t-test statistic of approximately 1.41 with a p-value of about 0.08. What can she conclude? The data is not statistically significant. In other words, the data do not provide enough evidence to conclude that the mean GPA of students taking statistics at her university is higher than 4.41. The data is statistically significant. In other words, the data do provide enough evidence to conclude that the mean GPA of students taking statistics at her university is higher than 4.41. Nothing. The conditions for use of a t-test are not met. She cannot trust that the p-value is accurate for this reason.
Question
A student in a statistics class needs to do a project and decides to find out if the average high school GPA of students in a statistics course at her university is higher than the average high school GPA for their university. The university’s average high school GPA of enrolled students in their year was 4.41.She emails a survey to all of her friends that are taking statistics and asks them what their high school GPA is. Her sample contains 18 responses. She chooses a 5% level of significance. From her data, she calculates a t-test statistic of approximately 1.41 with a p-value of about 0.08. What can she conclude? The data is not statistically significant. In other words, the data do not provide enough evidence to conclude that the mean GPA of students taking statistics at her university is higher than 4.41. The data is statistically significant. In other words, the data do provide enough evidence to conclude that the mean GPA of students taking statistics at her university is higher than 4.41. Nothing. The conditions for use of a t-test are not met. She cannot trust that the p-value is accurate for this reason.
Solution
The data is not statistically significant. In other words, the data do not provide enough evidence to conclude that the mean GPA of students taking statistics at her university is higher than 4.41. This is because the p-value of 0.08 is greater than the chosen significance level of 0.05. If the p-value was less than 0.05, then it would be statistically significant, and we could reject the null hypothesis that the mean GPA is not higher than 4.41. But since the p-value is greater than 0.05, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, based on this sample, we cannot conclude that the mean GPA of students taking statistics at her university is higher than 4.41.
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