The pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized bywhich of the following?(a) Refractory hypoxemia(b) Increased lung compliance(c) Increased surfactant production(d) Hypertension
Question
The pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized bywhich of the following?(a) Refractory hypoxemia(b) Increased lung compliance(c) Increased surfactant production(d) Hypertension
Solution
The pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by:
(a) Refractory hypoxemia: This is indeed a characteristic of ARDS. Hypoxemia refers to low levels of oxygen in the blood, and 'refractory' means it does not respond to treatment with supplemental oxygen. In ARDS, fluid leaks into the lungs making gas exchange less efficient, leading to hypoxemia.
(b) Increased lung compliance: This is incorrect. ARDS is actually associated with decreased lung compliance. This is because the fluid that leaks into the lungs in ARDS makes the lung tissue stiffer (less compliant), so it's harder to expand the lungs with each breath.
(c) Increased surfactant production: This is also incorrect. ARDS is associated with decreased surfactant production. Surfactant is a substance produced by the lungs that helps keep the tiny air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) open. Without enough surfactant, the alveoli collapse, making it harder to breathe.
(d) Hypertension: This is not typically a characteristic of ARDS. While it's true that ARDS can lead to complications that affect the heart and blood pressure, hypertension is not a direct result of the pathophysiology of ARDS.
So, the correct answer to your question is (a) Refractory hypoxemia.
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