Knowee
Questions
Features
Study Tools

A cosmetic company wanted to demonstrate the benefit of using their skincare for dark skin treatments. A sample of six was obtained, and each participant used it for 30 days. After 30 days, the scores were as follows:ParticipantBefore treatmentAfter treatment117222161931921415175121861318Is there any significant difference after 30 days? Use α = 0.05.a.Use paired t-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.b.Use ANOVA test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.c.Use Z-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.d.Use 2-sample t-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.

Question

A cosmetic company wanted to demonstrate the benefit of using their skincare for dark skin treatments. A sample of six was obtained, and each participant used it for 30 days. After 30 days, the scores were as follows:ParticipantBefore treatmentAfter treatment117222161931921415175121861318Is there any significant difference after 30 days? Use α = 0.05.a.Use paired t-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.b.Use ANOVA test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.c.Use Z-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.d.Use 2-sample t-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.

...expand
🧐 Not the exact question you are looking for?Go ask a question

Solution

Para determinar si hay una diferencia significativa después de 30 días de tratamiento, utilizaremos la prueba t pareada, ya que estamos comparando dos conjuntos de datos relacionados (antes y después del tratamiento) para los mismos participantes.

Paso 1: Formular las hipótesis

  • Hipótesis nula (H₀): No hay diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones antes y después del tratamiento.
  • Hipótesis alternativa (H₁): Hay una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones antes y después del tratamiento.

Paso 2: Calcular las diferencias

Primero, calculamos la diferencia entre las puntuaciones antes y después del tratamiento para cada participante.

Participante Antes del tratamiento Después del tratamiento Diferencia (D)
1 17 22 5
2 16 19 3
3 19 21 2
4 14 15 1
5 17 17 0
6 18 18 0

Paso 3: Calcular la media y la desviación estándar de las diferencias

  • Media de las diferencias (D̄): Dˉ=5+3+2+1+0+06=1161.83 D̄ = \frac{5 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 0 + 0}{6} = \frac{11}{6} \approx 1.83

  • Desviación estándar de las diferencias (s_D): sD=(DiDˉ)2n1 s_D = \sqrt{\frac{\sum (D_i - D̄)^2}{n-1}} sD=(51.83)2+(31.83)2+(21.83)2+(11.83)2+(01.83)2+(01.83)25 s_D = \sqrt{\frac{(5-1.83)^2 + (3-1.83)^2 + (2-1.83)^2 + (1-1.83)^2 + (0-1.83)^2 + (0-1.83)^2}{5}} sD=10.08+1.37+0.03+0.69+3.35+3.355 s_D = \sqrt{\frac{10.08 + 1.37 + 0.03 + 0.69 + 3.35 + 3.35}{5}} sD=18.8753.771.94 s_D = \sqrt{\frac{18.87}{5}} \approx \sqrt{3.77} \approx 1.94

Paso 4: Calcular el estadístico t

t=DˉsD/n t = \frac{D̄}{s_D / \sqrt{n}} t=1.831.94/6 t = \frac{1.83}{1.94 / \sqrt{6}} t=1.830.792.32 t = \frac{1.83}{0.79} \approx 2.32

Paso 5: Determinar el valor crítico y tomar una decisión

Para un nivel de significancia α = 0.05 y 5 grados de libertad (n-1), el valor crítico de t (bilateral) es aproximadamente 2.571.

  • Comparación: |t calculado| < t crítico (2.32 < 2.571)

Conclusión

Dado que el valor calculado de t (2.32) es menor que el valor crítico (2.571), no rechazamos la hipótesis nula. Por lo tanto, no hay evidencia suficiente para afirmar que hay una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones antes y después del tratamiento.

La respuesta correcta es: a. Use paired t-test and there is a difference after 30 days of treatment.

This problem has been solved

Similar Questions

You obtained a significant test statistic when comparing three treatments in ANOVA. What is the conclusion?

A smoking cessation clinic is conducting a study of the effectiveness of its treatments. Those attending the clinic are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives nicotine patches and the other group is prescribed the medication, Zyban. After 8 weeks, the participants are asked whether they now feel able to give up smoking. Their responses are scored 1= strongly disagree, 2= disagree, 3=neither agree nor disagree, 4=agree, 5=strongly agree. Which statistical test can be used to test for a difference between the scores for the two groups?Question 9Answera.Paired T-Testb.One-Way Independent-Sample ANOVAc.Mann-Whitney U Testd.Chi-Square Test

A scientist is conducting a study to determine how well a new medication treats ear infections. The scientist tells the participants to put 10 drops in their infected ear each day. After two weeks, all participants' ear infections had healed. Which of the following changes to the design of this study would most improve the ability to test if the new medication effectively treats ear infections?Have participants put ear drops in both their infected ear and healthy earCreate a second group of participants with ear infections who do not use any ear dropsCreate a second group of participants with ear infections who use 15 drops a dayHave participants use ear drops for only one week

To test whether or not there is a difference between treatments A, B, and C, a sample of 12 observations has been randomly assigned to the 3 treatments. You are given the results below. TreatmentObservationA20302533B22262028C40302822 Note: rearrange this to (columns) in excel: A B C20 22 4030 26 3025 20 2833 28 22The null hypothesis is to be tested at the 1% level of significance. The critical value from the table is  Group of answer choices16.694.268.0299.39

ANOVA testing is used for ...

1/1

Upgrade your grade with Knowee

Get personalized homework help. Review tough concepts in more detail, or go deeper into your topic by exploring other relevant questions.