An A blood group patient involved in a road accident required an urgent blood transfusion. His relatives were invited to donate blood. (a)Name the possible relative who would not donate blood to him (b)State why the others would not be in a position to donate blood to him
Question
An A blood group patient involved in a road accident required an urgent blood transfusion. His relatives were invited to donate blood. (a)Name the possible relative who would not donate blood to him (b)State why the others would not be in a position to donate blood to him
Solution
(a) A relative with blood type B or blood type O would not be able to donate blood to the patient with blood type A.
(b) The reason why these relatives would not be able to donate blood is due to the presence of antibodies in the patient's blood. A person with blood type A has anti-B antibodies in their blood. This means that if they were to receive blood from a person with blood type B, their immune system would recognize the B antigens as foreign and would attack the donated blood cells, leading to a potentially dangerous reaction. Similarly, a person with blood type O has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, so their blood cannot be donated to a person with blood type A or B. However, a person with blood type AB does not have any antibodies against A or B antigens, so they can receive blood from any blood type.
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